California Career and Technical Education Standards

• HSMT.FS.11.0 Demonstration and Application
• HSMT.FS.5.1 Apply appropriate problem-solving strategies and critical thinking skills to wor...
• HSMT.FS.6.2 Understand critical elements for health and safety practices related to storing,...
• HSMT.FS.6.3 Understand the importance and use of Standard Precautions and Infection Control,...

California Academic Content Standards (Reinforced)

• ELA.8.R.VCD.1.3 Use word meanings within the appropriate context and show ability to verify thos...5
• ELA.9-10.R.CAGT.2.5 Extend ideas presented in primary or secondary sources through original analysis...3

• Why are healthcare providers always wearing gloves and other medical clothing - Hooks / Set

  Beginning of the lesson, the teacher is wearing a surgical mask, gown, goggles and gloves. Ask the students, "When you go to get your teeth cleaned, why does your dental hygienist or dentist need to wear all this?"

  Today you will learn how this protects the healthcare provider and patient from infection, when you need to wear it and how to put  it on and remove all this equipment properly.
• Terms - direct instruction - Lecture

  Define terms:

  asepsis - absence of disease producing microorganisms

  sterile - absence of all microorganisms

  disinfection - removal of infectious material from an item

  standard precautions - personal safety measures used to protect the patient and healthcare provider from infection (also called universal precautions)

  personal protective equipment-materials used to protect an employee from injury or illness resulting from contact made in the workplace. 

  nosocomial infections-any disease contracted by a patient while under medical care.

  Pass out handout on "Standard Precautions" and instruct the students to keep the worksheet out on desk.  Tell students that there will be discussion of each section on the handout.

  • Standard Precautions Handout.pdf [ Download ]
• The need for standard precautions/ what are they - Lecture

  Why use standard precautions?

  Infection can occur when there is a growth or spread of pathogens.

  Pathogens are too small to see with the naked eye and are always present.

  Pathogens can enter the body through a break in the skin or through the mucous membranes.

  Pathogens can easily spread from one person to another or from inanimate objects to person.

  Patients who have compromised health are more susecptiable to infection.

  Standard precautions protect the patient and the healthcare provider.

  Standard precautions - include the following procedures:

  handwashing

  wearing gloves

  wearing masks, goggles or face shields

  wearing gowns

  wearing shoe covers

  Proper disposal of personal protective equipment.

  HANDWASHING is the most important procedure in preventing spread of infection.
• When are standard precautions used - Lecture

  When touching carriers of infection, such as mucous membranes, or bodily fluids and substances like:

  blood

  saliva

  urine

  feces

  vomit-emesis

  wound drainage

  semen

  vaginal fluids

  When there are cuts, breaks, or openings in the skin- the patient's or health care providers.

  When there is possible contact with:

  dressings

  soiled clothing

  soiled linen

  contaminated surfaces

  Ask students:  What patient procedures can you think of that a healthcare provider would likely come in contact with bodily fluids?  List on board as students answer.
• Gloving - Demo / Modeling

  Demonstrate how to don nonsterile gloves .

  -wash hands first

  -pick glove up by the cuff and place it on the other hand

  -repeat with a glove for the other hand

  -interlace fingers to adjust the gloves on your hands

  Display  "How to remove contaminated gloves" on an overhead transparency.

  Review key points of gloving:

  -wash hands before and after gloving

  -when to change gloves

  -prevention of contamination

  Demonstrate putting on and removing gloves.

  Pass out gloves to students

  Have students practice putting on and removing gloves as instructor demonstrates procedure

  • how to remove gloves.pdf [ Download ]
• Put on/Remove Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) - Demo / Modeling

  Demonstrate to students the proper way to put on and remove gown, mask and gloves.

  Refer to poster "Donning and Removing PPE" while performing procedure.

  Emphasize the following:

  When putting on PPE-

  gloves are always put on last

  gown must completely cover back of uniform and be tied in the back

  mask needs to fit snug over the nose, and be pulled down over the chin

  cuff of gown needs to be inside the gloves

   

  When taking off PPE-

  gloves always come off first

  only touch the earloops or ties on the mask

  only touch the cuff of the gown that was covered by the gloves or inside of gown with your bare hands

  wash hands after removing PPE

   

  Allow time for questions and discussions

  • ppeposter1322.pdf [ Download ]
• Put on/Remove Personal Protective Equipment - Lab / Shop

  Place students into groups of no more than six.

  Pass out PPE to each student in the group.

  Work with one group at a time putting on and removing PPE.

  Correct students as needed.
• Transmission-Based Precautions - Lecture

  PPE may also be used if patient has specific contagious diseases.

  Type of PPE to wear depends on how disease is transmitted.

  Pass out handout:  Transmission-Based Precautions

  Instruct students on the three types of transmission-based precautions using the handout as a guide:

  -airborne

  -droplet

  -contact

  • Transmission Based Precautions.pdf [ Download ]
• sharps containers - Lecture

  Instruct on the following:

  biohazard waste - disposable items that are contaminated with blood or bodily fluids

  sharps container - puncture resistant container used to dipose of sharps objects that may be contaminated with blood or bodily fluids 

  Needles are diposed of in this container.

  Show sharps container and demonstrate how to dispose of needles. Explain the importance of not recapping used needles.

  Pass sharps container around room, point out to students the biohazard symbol on the front of the container.